Define the term 'Machine tool'. What are the general requirements of a machine tool?
Differentiate between working motion and auxiliary motion. Mention the drive motion and feed motion for Lathe, Milling, Drilling and Shaper machine.
Determine the machining time for turning a shaft from 70 mm diameter to 64 mm diameter over a length of 200 mm at n = 600 rpm and feed rate s = 0.4 mm/rev. The turning tool has principal cutting edge angle ϕ=45∘\phi = 45^\circϕ=45∘. Assume, approach and over travel is equal and has the value of 2 mm each. Given, depth of cut is 1.5 mm.
What are the advantages of using GP series in speed box design?
A job of 212 mm diameter needs to perform turning operation with a lathe machine. The range of rpm for 12 steps lies between 30 rpm and 380 rpm. Following GP series, an economic cutting speed of v = 20 m/min has to be maintained. Find out five consecutive rpm and job diameter to maintain the economic cutting speed.
Draw the structural diagram for the following structural formula and state which one is better? i) 2(1) 3(2) 2(6) ii) 2(6) 3(2) 2(1)
Define machine tools drive system. What are the main characteristics of machine tools drive system?
What are the basic elements of machine tools control system? Explain.
A gears box for a head stock needs to give 16 speeds ranging from 50 rpm to 1600 rpm following a GP series. The power is supplied by an electric motor of 10 kW, using at 1440 rpm through a V-belt drive with a speed reduction of 2:1. Construct a suitable structural diagram after developing the corresponding structural formula. Also, construct a speed chart.
What is CNC machine? Write some basic features available in a CNC machine.
With a figure, differentiate between incremental and absolute tool positioning mode. From the issue of error minimizing, which one is more suitable?
Classify NC words and give one example for each of them with their meaning.
Write a part program following Figure 4(d) and the instructions are: i) Starting point is (0,0) and tool is 20 mm above the job surface ii) Machining has to be done along 1-2-3. iii) Z=0 is at the surface of work piece. iv) Depth of groove is 3 mm.
Why machine tool testing is necessary? What kind of geometrical tests are performed on a lathe machine?
What is FMS? Classify the layout of FMS. Are there any merit of using FMS? If yes, mention them. Do you find any limitation in FMS?
What do you mean by GT? What are the advantages and disadvantages of it?
Define punching and blanking. Describe the various types of die such as i) Inverted die ii) Compound die and iii) Progressive die.
A steel washer with 30 mm outside diameter with 16 mm hole will be produced from 1.5 mm thick sheet metal with a progressive die. The ultimate shear strength of the material is 32 kg/cm2^22. i) Assuming 75% efficiency, find out the press capacity. ii) Assuming shrinkage allowance as 0.05 mm and clearance as 6% of thickness, find out the punch and die size for piercing and blanking operation. Draw the designed punch and die for each case.
What is locator? Explain locating principle with necessary figures.
Compare between jigs and fixtures.
Why referencing is important for work holding devices?
How much cutting force is required for machining mild steel at cutting speed 120 m/min with depth of cut 3 mm and feed 0.2 mm/rev. It is noted that machine co-efficiency 80%.
Differentiate between a spherical robot and SCARA robot. Construct the transformation matrix to transform a Cartesian robot to Cylindrical than Spherical and finally to Articulated robot.
What do you mean by forward kinematics and reverse kinematics? Draw a 2R planar robot such that first joint lies at the origin of XY plane. Find the values of joint angles (Θ1\Theta_1Θ1 and Θ2\Theta_2Θ2) for the robot when the gripper position is at (3,2). Given that the link lengths are a1=3a_1 = 3a1=3 m and a2=1a_2= 1a2=1 m.
What is lead through programming? Explain the limitations of lead through programming.
Define machine tool. What are the general requirements of a machine tool? Explain briefly.
What is working motion of a machine tool? Classify them. Find out the drive motion and feed motion for the following machine – Lathe machine, drilling machine, shaper machine.
Calculate the machining time for drilling a 30 mm diameter through hole in a 30 mm thick plate at a speed of 30 m/min and feed 0.1 mm/tooth.
Why are speed and feed rate are regulated?
Show that the maximum loss of economic cutting speed in GP series is constant.
What information do you get from a structural formula? Draw the structural diagram for (i) Z = 2(1) 3(2) 2(6) and (ii) Z = 2(6) 3(1) 2(3). Which one is better and why?
Make a comparison among NC, CNC and DNC machine with neat sketches.
Define part programme. Classify NC words and give one example with their proper meaning.
What is canned cycles? Mention the commonly available canned cycle for lathe operation.
Explain the use of following codes: G00, G01, M02, M03, G90 and G80
What is cam? Explain the benefits of CAD-CAM in manufacturing.
What do you mean by group technology? Why is it necessary? Is there any drawback in group technology?
Why foundation preparation is necessary during machine tool installation? What are the important factors that should be considered during foundation preparation?
Define robot. What are the types of robot configuration? Explain with proper schematic diagram.
Draw schematic diagram of a pneumatic drive system. What are advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic drive system? Explain briefly.
What is gripper? What are the advantages of magnetic gripper over mechanical gripper?
What is work holder? What are the functions of work holder? Briefly explain the selection criteria of work holder.
Explain the 3 – 2 – 1 principle of location.
What are the basic differences between jig and fixture? Draw a schematic diagram of a leaf jig and write its advantages and disadvantages.
Differentiate among compound die, progressive die and combination die.
What is centre of pressure? Determine centre of pressure of the component shown in figure 7(b).
A steel washer is of 44 mm outer diameter and 22 mm inner hole diameter and is 12 mm thick. If maximum shear stress is 405 N/mm2405 \text{ N/mm}^2405 N/mm2 and percent penetration is 24, find (i) work done (ii) shear to be ground on tool if maximum punch force is to be reduced to 0.05 MN.
Calculate the blank length to make the part shown in figure 8(a). Also determine the bending force required if the ultimate tensile strength of material is 3500 kg/cm23500 \text{ kg/cm}^23500 kg/cm2, die radius 8 mm, bend length 120 cm, die opening factor 2.66, thickness 2 mm.
What is drawing? What are the basic difference between shallow and deep drawing? Briefly explain the factors that affects drawing process.
Calculate the blank diameters to make the shell shown in figure 8(c). (All dimensions are in mm)
Classify machine tools based on (i) degree of automation (ii) weight ratio (iii) degree of specialization. Also how does the working motion can be classified?
Describe the various operation of lathe machine with neat sketch.
What are the general requirements of a machine tool?
Determine the machining time for turning a shaft from ϕ70\phi70ϕ70mm to ϕ64\phi64ϕ64mm over a length of 200mm at n = 600rpm and s = 0.4 mm/rev. The turning tool has principle cutting edge angle ϕ=45∘\phi = 45^\circϕ=45∘. Assume approach and over travel have equal value of 2 mm.
Define kinematic layout and Ray diagram. Draw the structural diagram for (i) z = 2(1) 3(2) 2(6) and (ii) z = 2(3) 3(1) 2(6), which structural formula is comparatively best and why?
What is loss of economical cutting speed? Prove that maximum loss of economical cutting speed is ΔVmax=(Φ−1Φ+1)Vopt\Delta V_{max} = \left( \frac{\Phi - 1}{\Phi + 1} \right) V_{opt}ΔVmax=(Φ+1Φ−1)Vopt
What do you mean by NC and DNC machine? Briefly discuss the advantages of employing CNC machines over manual machines.
Explain the absolute coordinate system and incremental coordinate system for a CNC machine. Which one is better for error correction in command writing?
For part programming which instructions should be included in first block? What are the types of NC word? Give one example of each of them using block?
Define the term “Industrial Robot”. Explain the robot subsystems.
What is the difference between SCARA and spherical type of robot? What is Work Envelops? Describe with proper image.
Find the value of joint angle (θ1\theta_1θ1 and θ2\theta_2θ2) for a 2R robot when the gripper position is at (3, 2) and base of the robot is at (0, 0) in an XY plane. Given that the link lengths are a1=3a_1 = 3a1=3m and a2=1a_2=1a2=1m.
Define Jig and Fixture. State the advantages of using Jigs and Fixtures during machining. What are the types of fixtures?
Describe the Locating Guidelines and Locating Principle.
What is work holding device? Distinguish and logically explain the differences between Locator and Clamps.
What is Bending operation of metal forming? Describe the Bending diagram with proper image
What is drawing? What factors affect the drawing process?
A shell is to have its wall thickness reduced from 1.8 mm by 11%. The new shell will have a new diameter of 40 mm. Determine (i) Mean height of the shell if shell height after ironing is 70 mm and (ii) Shell diameter needed to draw the ironed shell.
Compare among Compound die, Combination die and Progressive die with proper image. Write down their specific applications.
What is the effect of excessive clearance? Which member should be given clearance - punch or die? Explain your answer based on blanking and piercing operation.
Sketch and design a progressive die to make a steel washer 30 mm outside diameter with 15 mm hole from 1.6 mm thick steel sheet. The ultimate shear strength of the material is 32 kg/mm2^22. Assume -
Why machine tool testing is performed? What is checked during geometrical tests?
What is done during performance test of a machine tool?
What is group technology (GT)? Briefly explain the principle of GT.
Design of a machine tool is related to different engineering economic, natural and social sciences - Explain why?
The accuracy of a machine tool depends upon its geometric and kinematic accuracy - Do you support the statement? Justify your answer.
How the machining cost can be reduced?
Draw the structural diagram for (i) Z = 2(1) 3(2) 2(6) and (ii) Z = 2(3) 3(1) 2(6), which structural formula is best and why?
Suppose you are assigned to design a gear box for a head stock to give 16 speed ranging from 50 rpm to 1600 rpm. The power is supplied by an electric motor of 10 kW, running at 1440 rpm, through a V-belt drive with a speed reduction of 2:1.
Define machine tool. Describe the various operations of Lathe machine with proper sketches.
Identify the drive motion and feed motion with necessary figures for the following machine tools: (i) Lathe Machine (ii) Drilling (iii) Milling (iv) Shaping (v) Grinding.
What is "loss of economic cutting speed"? Show that it is constant for GP series type of gear box.
Write short notes on (i) FMS and (ii) CAM.
What is Group technology (GT)? Mention some principles of GT.
What is part programming? What is G-code? Give 10 example of G-code with their meaning.
What do you mean by point to point and absolute motion control? Which is better for error analysis?
Is there any difference between NC and CNC machine? Discuss the advantages of employing CNC machines over manual machine.
What is the difference between a SCARA and spherical type of robot? Construct a joint transformation table for a robot if you want to transform it from (i) Cartesian to Cylindrical (ii) Cylindrical to Spherical (iii) Spherical to Articulated.
Draw a 2R planer robot. Assume the origin of the coordinates is at the center of first joint. Gripper is located at the free end of the second link. Find the value of first and second joint angle for the 2R robot when the gripper position is at (2,2). Given that, length of the first link is 2m and the second link is 1m.
What do you mean by the term "Work Envelop"? Classify them and explain one of them.
Compare among compound die, combination die and progressive die.
Calculate the center of pressure for the part shown in Figure 7(b). Ignore tolerances in the dimensions.
A steel component 20mm×70mm is to be made from 2mm thick sheet. Sketch the scrap strip layout. Also, determine percentage of stock used.
Define range ratio (RnR_nRn). Show that z=logRn(ϕ)logϕz = \frac{\log R_n(\phi)}{\log \phi}z=logϕlogRn(ϕ)
Explain 3-2-1 locating principles with necessary figures.
Explain the following press-work operations: (i) Blanking (ii) Piercing (iii) Notching (iv) Lancing.
Define the term “Machine Tool”. What are the general requirements of machine tools?
Describe the various operation can be performed by lathe machine with neat sketches.
A 30 mm H. S. S. drill is used to drill a hole in a cast iron block of 115 mm thick. Determine the time required to drill the hole of feed is 0.35 mm/rev. Assume an over travel of drill as 4.85 mm. The cutting speed is 28.50 m/min.
Describe the working principle of electric stepless speed drives. What are the advantages and disadvantages of it?
Define: Degree of freedom and kinematic chain. Show different types of degree of freedom and kinematic chains with figure.
Draw the structural diagram for the following equation. Find out which is better?
The speed at the first step of spindle is 35 rpm and the speed at the last step is 445 rpm. The maximum number of steps 12 and cutting speed 20 m/min. Layout the speed at AP series.
What do you mean by Group Technology? What are the advantages and disadvantages of it?
What is transfer line? Why is it used? Discuss various types of transfer line with figures?
Make a comparison among NC, CNC, and DNC machine with neat sketches.
State and deduce the relationship among maximum loss of economic cutting speed, geometric progression ratio, and optimum cutting speed of a machine tool.
Define punching and Blanking. Describe the various types of die such as (i) Inverted die, (ii) Compound die, and (iii) progressive die.
What is stock strip layout? Describe the bending diagram.
What is bending allowance? What are the effects of die clearance? Explain.
A 20 mm wide and 7 mm thick C20 steel sheet is required to be bent at 77° at bend radius 12.50 mm. Determine bend allowance.
Describe the roll forming process.
What is locator? Explain 3-2-1 locating principle with necessary figures.
Make a comparison between Jigs and Fixtures.
Why Referencing is important for work holding devices?
What is the cutting power required for machining mild steel at cutting speed 120 m/min with depth of cut 3 mm and feed 0.2 mm/rev (machine co-efficient 80%).
Describe various types of joints which are used in robots. Include the figures for each joint.
What is end- effector of a robot? What types of end effectors are available? Explain their function.
Briefly describe any three common configurations for Robot with sketches.