Define punching and blanking. Describe the various types of die such as i) Inverted die ii) Compound die and iii) Progressive die.

A steel washer with 30 mm outside diameter with 16 mm hole will be produced from 1.5 mm thick sheet metal with a progressive die. The ultimate shear strength of the material is 32 kg/cm$^2$.
i) Assuming 75% efficiency, find out the press capacity.
ii) Assuming shrinkage allowance as 0.05 mm and clearance as 6% of thickness, find out the punch and die size for piercing and blanking operation. Draw the designed punch and die for each case.

Differentiate among compound die, progressive die and combination die.

What is centre of pressure? Determine centre of pressure of the component shown in figure 7(b).

A steel washer is of 44 mm outer diameter and 22 mm inner hole diameter and is 12 mm thick. If maximum shear stress is $405 \text{ N/mm}^2$ and percent penetration is 24, find (i) work done (ii) shear to be ground on tool if maximum punch force is to be reduced to 0.05 MN.

Compare among Compound die, Combination die and Progressive die with proper image. Write down their specific applications.

What is the effect of excessive clearance? Which member should be given clearance - punch or die? Explain your answer based on blanking and piercing operation.

Sketch and design a progressive die to make a steel washer 30 mm outside diameter with 15 mm hole from 1.6 mm thick steel sheet. The ultimate shear strength of the material is 32 kg/mm$^2$. Assume -

• Press capacity = 75%
• Shrinkage of hole = 0.05 mm
• Clearance = 6% of material thickness
• Grinding Allowance = 6 mm
• Tool steel T160 has the compressive stress of 15 ton/cm$^2$
• Young Modulus of elasticity for punch material, E = 2.1 x 10$^6$ kg/cm$^2$.

Compare among compound die, combination die and progressive die.

Calculate the center of pressure for the part shown in Figure 7(b). Ignore tolerances in the dimensions.

A steel component 20mm×70mm is to be made from 2mm thick sheet. Sketch the scrap strip layout. Also, determine percentage of stock used.

State and deduce the relationship among maximum loss of economic cutting speed, geometric progression ratio, and optimum cutting speed of a machine tool.

Define punching and Blanking. Describe the various types of die such as (i) Inverted die, (ii) Compound die, and (iii) progressive die.